Endotext.com - Neuroendocrinology, Hypothalamus, And Pituitary, Ch 8 Bibliography

1. Wetsel WC. Valenca MM. Merchenthaler I. Liposits Z. Lopez FJ. Weiner RI. Mellon PL. Negro-Vilar A. Intrinsic pulsatile secretory activity of immortalized luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-secreting neurons. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89(9):4149-53, 1992

2. Kalra SP. Kalra PS. Neural regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion in the rat. Endocrine Reviews. 4(4):311-51, 1983

3. Negro-Vilar A. Advis JP. Ojeda SR. McCann SM. Pulsatile luteinizing hormone (LH) patterns in ovariectomized rats: involvement of norepinephrine and dopamine in the release of LH-releasing hormone and LH. Endocrinology. 111(3):932-8, 1982

4. Kalra SP: Neural circuitry involved in the control of LHRH secretion: A model for preovulation of LH release. In Ganong W, Martini L (Eds): Fronteirs in Neuroendocrinology (ed9). New York, Raven Press, 1986. pp 31-75.

5. Sutton SW. Toyama TT. Otto S. Plotsky PM. Evidence that neuropeptide Y (NPY) released into the hypophysial-portal circulation participates in priming gonadotropes to the effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). Endocrinology. 123(2):1208-10, 1988

6. Bauer-Dantoin AC. McDonald JK. Levine JE. Neuropeptide Y potentiates luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing hormone-induced LH secretion only under conditions leading to preovulatory LH surges. Endocrinology. 131(6):2946-52, 1992

7. Lopez FJ. Merchenthaler I. Ching M. Wisniewski MG. Negro-Vilar A. Galanin: a hypothalamic-hypophysiotropic hormone modulating reproductive functions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 88(10):4508-12, 1991

8. Martinez de la Escalera G. Gallo F. Choi AL. Weiner RI. Dopaminergic regulation of the GT1 gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal cell lines: stimulation of GnRH release via D1-receptors positively coupled to adenylate cyclase. Endocrinology. 131(6):2965-71, 1992

9. Kalra SP. Gallo RV. Effects of intraventricular administration of catecholamines on luteinizing hormone release in morphine-treated rats. Endocrinology. 113(1):23-8, 1983

10. Drouva SV. Laplante E. Kordon C. alpha 1-adrenergic receptor involvement in the LH surge in ovariectomized estrogen-primed rats. European Journal of Pharmacology. 81(2):341-4, 1982

11. Drouva SV. Gallo RV. Catecholamine involvement in episodic luteinizing hormone release in adult ovariectomized rats. Endocrinology. 99(3):651-8, 1976

12. Grossman A. Moult PJ. Gaillard RC. Delitala G. Toff WD. Rees LH. Besser GM. The opioid control of LH and FSH release: effects of a met-enkephalin analogue and naloxone. Clinical Endocrinology. 14(1):41-7, 1981

13. Quigley ME. Yen SS. The role of endogenous opiates in LH secretion during the menstrual cycle. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 51(1):179-81, 1980

14. Urbanski HF. Pickle RL. Ramirez VD. Simultaneous measurement of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone in the orchidectomized rat. Endocrinology. 123(1):413-9, 1988

15. Levine JE. Ramirez VD. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone release during the rat estrous cycle and after ovariectomy, as estimated with push-pull cannulae. Endocrinology. 111(5):1439-48, 1982

16. Clarke IJ. Cummins JT. The temporal relationship between gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in ovariectomized ewes. Endocrinology. 111(5):1737-9, 1982

17. Aiyer MS. Chiappa SA. Fink G. A priming effect of luteinizing hormone releasing factor on the anterior pituitary gland in the female rat. Journal of Endocrinology. 62(3):573-88, 1974

18. Wang CF. Lasley BL. Lein A. Yen SS. The functional changes of the pituitary gonadotrophs during the menstrual cycle. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 42(4):718-28, 1976

19. Frager MS. Pieper DR. Tonetta SA. Duncan JA. Marshall JC. Pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors. Effects of castration, steroid replacement, and the role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in modulating receptors in the rat. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 67(3):615-23, 1981

20. Yasin M. Dalkin AC. Haisenleder DJ. Kerrigan JR. Marshall JC. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse pattern regulates GnRH receptor gene expression: augmentation by estradiol. Endocrinology. 136(4):1559-64, 1995

21. Clayton RN. Catt KJ. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors: characterization, physiological regulation, and relationship to reproductive function. Endocrine Reviews. 2(2):186-209, 1981

22. Katt JA. Duncan JA. Herbon L. Barkan A. Marshall JC. The frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation determines the number of pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors. Endocrinology. 116(5):2113-5, 1985

23. Haisenleder DJ. Workman LJ. Burger LL. Aylor KW. Dalkin AC. Marshall JC. Gonadotropin subunit transcriptional responses to calcium signals in the rat: evidence for regulation by pulse frequency. Biology of Reproduction. 65(6):1789-93, 2001 Dec

24. Haisenleder DJ. Cox ME. Parsons SJ. Marshall JC. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulses are required to maintain activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase: role in stimulation of gonadotrope gene expression. Endocrinology. 139(7):3104-11, 1998

25. Haisenleder DJ. Yasin M. Marshall JC. Regulation of gonadotropin, thyrotropin subunit, and prolactin messenger ribonucleic acid expression by pulsatile or continuous protein kinase-C stimulation. Endocrinology. 136(1):13-9, 1995

26. Haisenleder DJ. Yasin M. Yasin A. Marshall JC. Regulation of prolactin, thyrotropin subunit, and gonadotropin subunit gene expression by pulsatile or continuous calcium signals. Endocrinology. 133(5):2055-61, 1993

27. Wildt L. Hausler A. Marshall G. Hutchison JS. Plant TM. Belchetz PE. Knobil E. Frequency and amplitude of gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation and gonadotropin secretion in the rhesus monkey. Endocrinology. 109(2):376-85, 1981

28. Belchetz PE. Plant TM. Nakai Y. Keogh EJ. Knobil E. Hypophysial responses to continuous and intermittent delivery of hypopthalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Science. 202(4368):631-3, 1978

29. Waldhauser F. Weissenbacher G. Frisch H. Pollak A. Pulsatile secretion of gonadotropins in early infancy. European Journal of Pediatrics. 137(1):71-4, 1981

30. Wu FC. Borrow SM. Nicol K. Elton R. Hunter WM. Ontogeny of pulsatile gonadotrophin secretion and pituitary responsiveness in male puberty in man: a mixed longitudinal and cross-sectional study. Journal of Endocrinology. 123(2):347-59, 1989

31. Wu FC. Butler GE. Kelnar CJ. Sellar RE. Patterns of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion before and during the onset of puberty in boys: a study using an immunoradiometric assay. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 70(3):629-37, 1990

32. Wu FC. Butler GE. Kelnar CJ. Stirling HF. Huhtaniemi I. Patterns of pulsatile luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion in prepubertal (midchildhood) boys and girls and patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (Kallmann's syndrome): a study using an ultrasensitive time-resolved immunofluorometric assay. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 72(6):1229-37, 1991

33. Dunkel L. Alfthan H. Stenman UH. Selstam G. Rosberg S. Albertsson-Wikland K. Developmental changes in 24-hour profiles of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone from prepuberty to midstages of puberty in boys. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 74(4):890-7, 1992

34. Dunkel L. Alfthan H. Stenman UH. Tapanainen P. Perheentupa J. Pulsatile secretion of LH and FSH in prepubertal and early pubertal boys revealed by ultrasensitive time-resolved immunofluorometric assays. Pediatric Research. 27(3):215-9, 1990

35. Wu FC. Butler GE. Kelnar CJ. Huhtaniemi I. Veldhuis JD. Ontogeny of pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone secretion from midchildhood, through puberty, to adulthood in the human male: a study using deconvolution analysis and an ultrasensitive immunofluorometric assay. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 81(5):1798-805, 1996

36. Yen SS. Apter D. Butzow T. Laughlin GA. Gonadotrophin releasing hormone pulse generator activity before and during sexual maturation in girls: new insights. Human Reproduction. 8 Suppl 2:66-71, 1993

37. Apter D. Butzow TL. Laughlin GA. Yen SS. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator activity during pubertal transition in girls: pulsatile and diurnal patterns of circulating gonadotropins. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 76(4):940-9, 1993

38. Filicori M. Tabarelli C. Casadio P. Ferlini F. Gessa G. Pocognoli P. Cognigni G. Pecorari R. Interaction between menstrual cyclicity and gonadotropin pulsatility. Hormone Research. 49(3-4):169-72, 1998

39. Hayes FJ. Crowley WF Jr. Gonadotropin pulsations across development. Hormone Research. 49(3-4):163-8, 1998

40. Marshall JC: Hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle and mechanisms of anovulation. In DeGroot LJ (Eds): Endocrinology (ed3). Philadelphia, Saunders Press, 1995. pp 2046-2058.

41. Marshall JC. Dalkin AC. Haisenleder DJ. Paul SJ. Ortolano GA. Kelch RP. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulses: regulators of gonadotropin synthesis and ovulatory cycles. Recent Progress in Hormone Research. 47:155-87; discussion 188-9, 1991

42. diZerega GS. Hodgen GD. Folliculogenesis in the primate ovarian cycle. Endocrine Reviews. 2(1):27-49, 1981

43. Baird DT. Factors regulating the growth of the preovulatory follicle in the sheep and human. Journal of Reproduction & Fertility. 69(1):343-52, 1983

44. Tonetta SA. diZerega GS. Intragonadal regulation of follicular maturation. Endocrine Reviews. 10(2):205-29, 1989

45. McLachlan RI. Healy DL. Robertson DM. Burger HG. de Kretser DM. Circulating immunoactive inhibin in the luteal phase and early gestation of women undergoing ovulation induction. Fertility & Sterility. 48(6):1001-5, 1987

46. Tsonis CG. Messinis IE. Templeton AA. McNeilly AS. Baird DT. Gonadotropic stimulation of inhibin secretion by the human ovary during the follicular and early luteal phase of the cycle. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 66(5):915-21, 1988

47. Robertson DM. Tsonis CG. McLachlan RI. Handelsman DJ. Leask R. Baird DT. McNeilly AS. Hayward S. Healy DL. Findlay JK. Comparison of inhibin immunological and in vitro biological activities in human serum. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 67(3):438-43, 1988

48. Lenton EA. de Kretser DM. Woodward AJ. Robertson DM. Inhibin concentrations throughout the menstrual cycles of normal, infertile, and older women compared with those during spontaneous conception cycles. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 73(6):1180-90, 1991

49. Burger HG. Evidence for a negative feedback role of inhibin in follicle stimulating hormone regulation in women. Human Reproduction. 8 Suppl 2:129-32, 1993

50. Burger HG. Clinical review 46: Clinical utility of inhibin measurements. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 76(6):1391-6, 1993

51. Djahanbakhch O. McNeilly AS. Warner PM. Swanston IA. Baird DT. Changes in plasma levels of prolactin, in relation to those of FSH, oestradiol, androstenedione and progesterone around the preovulatory surge of LH in women. Clinical Endocrinology. 20(4):463-72, 1984

52. Djahanbakhch O. Warner P. McNeilly AS. Baird DT. Pulsatile release of LH and oestradiol during the periovulatory period in women. Clinical Endocrinology. 20(5):579-89, 1984

53. Hoff JD. Quigley ME. Yen SS. Hormonal dynamics at midcycle: a reevaluation. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 57(4):792-6, 1983

54. Soules MR. Steiner RA. Clifton DK. Cohen NL. Aksel S. Bremner WJ. Progesterone modulation of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in normal women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 58(2):378-83, 1984

55. Ropert JF. Quigley ME. Yen SS. Endogenous opiates modulate pulsatile luteinizing hormone release in humans. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 52(3):583-5, 1981

56. Goodman RL. Bittman EL. Foster DL. Karsch FJ. The endocrine basis of the synergistic suppression of luteinizing hormone by estradiol and progesterone. Endocrinology. 109(5):1414-7, 1981

57. Van Vugt DA. Lam NY. Ferin M. Reduced frequency of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in the luteal phase of the rhesus monkey. Involvement of endogenous opiates. Endocrinology. 115(3):1095-101, 1984

58. Stein I, Levanthal M. Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 29: 181, 1935.

59. Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Kouli CR. Bergiele AT. Filandra FA. Tsianateli TC. Spina GG. Zapanti ED. Bartzis MI. A survey of the polycystic ovary syndrome in the Greek island of Lesbos: hormonal and metabolic profile. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 84(11):4006-11, 1999

60. Dunaif A. Sorbara L. Delson R. Green G. Ethnicity and polycystic ovary syndrome are associated with independent and additive decreases in insulin action in Caribbean-Hispanic women. Diabetes. 42(10):1462-8, 1993

61. Knochenhauer ES. Key TJ. Kahsar-Miller M. Waggoner W. Boots LR. Azziz R. Prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States: a prospective study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 83(9):3078-82, 1998

62. Amowitz LL. Sobel BE. Cardiovascular consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrinology & Metabolism Clinics of North America. 28(2):439-58, viii, 1999

63. Solomon CG. The epidemiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Prevalence and associated disease risks. Endocrinology & Metabolism Clinics of North America. 28(2):247-63, 1999

64. Talbott E. Guzick D. Clerici A. Berga S. Detre K. Weimer K. Kuller L. Coronary heart disease risk factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis & Vascular Biology. 15(7):821-6, 1995 Jul

65. Legro RS. Kunselman AR. Dunaif A. Prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. American Journal of Medicine. 111(8):607-13, 2001

66. Dahlgren E. Janson PO. Johansson S. Lapidus L. Oden A. Polycystic ovary syndrome and risk for myocardial infarction. Evaluated from a risk factor model based on a prospective population study of women. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 71(8):599-604, 1992

67. Goldzieher JW: Polycystic ovarian disease. IN: Progress in Infertility, 2nd ed. Behrman SH, Kistner RW eds. Little Brown, 1975.

68. Carmina E. Lobo RA. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): arguably the most common endocrinopathy is associated with significant morbidity in women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 84(6):1897-9, 1999

69. Chang RJ. Laufer LR. Meldrum DR. DeFazio J. Lu JK. Vale WW. Rivier JE. Judd HL. Steroid secretion in polycystic ovarian disease after ovarian suppression by a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 56(5):897-903, 1983

70. Rebar R. Judd HL. Yen SS. Rakoff J. Vandenberg G. Naftolin F. Characterization of the inappropriate gonadotropin secretion in polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 57(5):1320-9, 1976

71. Conway GS. Honour JW. Jacobs HS. Heterogeneity of the polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical, endocrine and ultrasound features in 556 patients. Clinical Endocrinology. 30(4):459-70, 1989

72. Franks S. Polycystic ovary syndrome: a changing perspective. Clinical Endocrinology. 31(1):87-120, 1989

73. Yen SS. The polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinical Endocrinology. 12(2):177-207, 1980

74. Anttila L. Ding YQ. Ruutiainen K. Erkkola R. Irjala K. Huhtaniemi I. Clinical features and circulating gonadotropin, insulin, and androgen interactions in women with polycystic ovarian disease. Fertility & Sterility. 55(6):1057-61, 1991

75. Paradisi R. Venturoli S. Pasquali R. Capelli M. Porcu E. Fabbri R. Flamigni C. Effects of obesity on gonadotropin secretion in patients with polycystic ovarian disease. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. 9(2):139-44, 1986

76. Anttila L. Ding YQ. Ruutiainen K. Erkkola R. Irjala K. Huhtaniemi I. Clinical features and circulating gonadotropin, insulin, and androgen interactions in women with polycystic ovarian disease. Fertility & Sterility. 55(6):1057-61, 1991

77. Spritzer PM. Poy M. Wiltgen D. Mylius LS. Capp E. Leptin concentrations in hirsute women with polycystic ovary syndrome or idiopathic hirsutism: influence on LH and relationship with hormonal, metabolic, and anthropometric measurements. Human Reproduction. 16(7):1340-6, 2001

78. Morales AJ. Laughlin GA. Butzow T. Maheshwari H. Baumann G. Yen SS. Insulin, somatotropic, and luteinizing hormone axes in lean and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: common and distinct features. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 81(8):2854-64, 1996

79. Taylor AE. McCourt B. Martin KA. Anderson EJ. Adams JM. Schoenfeld D. Hall JE. Determinants of abnormal gonadotropin secretion in clinically defined women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 82(7):2248-56, 1997

80. Marshall JC. Eagleson CA. Neuroendocrine aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrinology & Metabolism Clinics of North America. 28(2):295-324, 1999

81. Wildt L. Hausler A. Marshall G. Hutchison JS. Plant TM. Belchetz PE. Knobil E. Frequency and amplitude of gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation and gonadotropin secretion in the rhesus monkey. Endocrinology. 109(2):376-85, 1981

82. Dalkin AC. Haisenleder DJ. Ortolano GA. Ellis TR. Marshall JC. The frequency of gonadotropin-releasing-hormone stimulation differentially regulates gonadotropin subunit messenger ribonucleic acid expression. Endocrinology. 125(2):917-24, 1989

83. Waldstreicher J. Santoro NF. Hall JE. Filicori M. Crowley WF Jr. Hyperfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in women with polycystic ovarian disease: indirect evidence for partial gonadotroph desensitization. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 66(1):165-72, 1988

84. Hall JE. Taylor AE. Hayes FJ. Crowley WF Jr. Insights into hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. 21(9):602-11, 1998

85. Christman GM. Randolph JF. Kelch RP. Marshall JC. Reduction of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse frequency is associated with subsequent selective follicle-stimulating hormone secretion in women with polycystic ovarian disease. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 72(6):1278-85, 1991

86. Pastor CL. Griffin-Korf ML. Aloi JA. Evans WS. Marshall JC. Polycystic ovary syndrome: evidence for reduced sensitivity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator to inhibition by estradiol and progesterone. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 83(2):582-90, 1998

87. Dunaif A. Graf M. Insulin administration alters gonadal steroid metabolism independent of changes in gonadotropin secretion in insulin-resistant women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 83(1):23-9, 1989

88. Eagleson CA. Gingrich MB. Pastor CL. Arora TK. Burt CM. Evans WS. Marshall JC. Polycystic ovarian syndrome: evidence that flutamide restores sensitivity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator to inhibition by estradiol and progesterone. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 85(11):4047-52, 2000

89. Lunde O, Magnus P, Sandvik L, Hoglo S et al. Familial clustering in the polycystic ovarian syndrome. Gynecol Obstet Invest, 28:23-30, 1989

90. Azziz R, Kahsar-Miller MD. Family history as a risk factor for the polycystic ovary syndrome. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab, 13(Suppl 5):1303-1306, 2000

91. Kahsar-Miller MD, Nixon C, Boots LR et al. Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in first-degree relatives of patients with PCOS. Fertil Steril, 75:53-58, 20011.

92. Gharani N, Waterworth DM, Batty S, White D, Gilling-Smith C, Conway GS, McCarthy M, Franks S, Williamson R. Association of the steroid synthesis gene CYP11a with polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperandrogenism. Hum Mol Genet, 6:397-402, 1997

93. Diamanti-Kandarakis E et al Microsatellite polymorphism (tttta)(n) at –528 base pairs of gene CYP11α influences hyperandrogenemia in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril, 73:735-741, 2000

94. Daneshmand S et al Oveexpression of theca-cell messanger RNA in polycystic ovary syndrome does not correlate with polymorphisms in the cholesterol side-chain cleavage and 17α-hydroxylase/C(17-20) lyase promoters. Fertil Steril, 77:274-280, 2002

95. Urbanek M, Legro RS, Driscoll DA, Azziz R, Ehrmann DA, Norman RJ, Strauss III JF, Spielman RS, Dunaif A. Thirty-seven candidate genes for polycystic ovary syndrome: strongest evidence is for linkage with follistatin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 96:8573-8578, 1999

96. San Millan JL et al Role of the pentanucleotide (tttta)(n) polymorphism in the promoter of the CYP11a gene in the pathogenesis of hirsutism. Fertil Steril, 75:797-802, 2001

97. Gaasenbeek M et al Large-scale analysis of the relationship between CYP11A promoter variation, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and serum testosterone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 89:2408-2413, 2004

98. Knorr D, Bindlingmaier F, Holler W, Kuhnle U, Meiler B, Nachmann A. Is heterozygosity for the steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency responsible for hirsutism, premature pubarche, early puberty, and precocious puberty in children? Acta Endocrinol, 279 (Suppl):284-289, 1986

99. Blanche H, Vexiau P, Clauin S, Le Gall I, Fiet J, Mornet E, Dausset J, Bellanne-Chantelot C.Exhaustive screening of the 21-hydroxylase gene in a population of hyperandrogenic women. Hum Genet, 101 :56-60, 1997

101. Escobar-Morreale HF, San Millan JL, Smith RR, Sancho J, Witchel SF. The presence of the 21-hydroxylase carrier status in hirsute women: phenotype-genotype correlations. Fertil Steril, 72:629-638, 1999

102. Lajic S, Clauin S, Robins T, Vexiau P, Blanche H, Bellanne-Chantelot C, Wedell A. Novel mutations in CYP21 detected in individuals with hyperandrogenism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 87:2824-2829, 2002

103. Dacou-Voudetakis C, Dracopoulou M. High incidence of molecular defects of the CYP21 gene in patients with premature adrenarche. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 84:1570-1574, 1999

104. Witchel SF. Puberty and polycystic ovary syndrome. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 254-255:146-153, 2006

105. Potau N, Rique S, Eduardo I, Marcos V, Ibanez L. Molecular defects in CYP21 gene in Spanish girls with isolated precocious pubarche. Eur J Endocrinol, 147:485-488, 2002

106. Witchel SF, Kahsar-Miller M, Aston CE, White C, Azziz R. Prevalence of CYP21 mutations and IRS1 variant among women with polycystic ovary syndrome and adrenal androgen excess. Fertil Steril, 83:371-375, 2005

107. Petry CJ, Ong KK, Michelmore KF, Artigas S, Wingate DL, Balen AH, de Zegher F, Ibanez L, Dunger DB. Association of aromatase (CYP19) gene variation with features of hyperandrogenism in two populations of young women. Hum reprod, 20:1837-1843, 2005

108. Roldan MB, White C, Withchel SF. Association of the GAA1013 – GAG of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) gene with premature polymorphism pubarche. Fertil Steril, 88:410-417, 2007

109. Ibanez L, Marcos V, Potau N, , White C, Aston CE, Witchel SF. Increased frequency of the G972R variant of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene among girls with a history of precocious pubarche. Fertil Steril, 78:1288-1293, 2002

110. Witchel SF, White C, Siegel ME, Aston CE. Inconsistent effects of the proline12-alanine variant of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 gene on body mass index in children and adolescent girls. Fertil Steril, 76:741-747, 2001

111. Ehrmann DA, Schwarz PE, Hara M, Tang X, Horikawa Y, Imperial J, Bell GI, Cox NJ. Relationship of calpain-10 genotype to phenotypic features of polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 87:1669-1673, 2002

112. Haddad L, Evans JC, Gharani N et al, Variation within the type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene calpain-10 and polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 87:2606-2610, 2002

113. Urbanek M. The genetics of polycystic ovary syndrome. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab, 3:103-111, 2007

114. Gonzalez A, Abril E, Roca A, Aragon MJ, Figueroa MJ, Velarde P, Ruiz R, Fayez O, Galaan JJ, Herreros JA, Real LM, Ruiz A. Specific CAPN10 gene haplotypes influence the clinical profile of polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 88:5529-5536, 2003

115. Gonzalez A, Abril E, Roca A, Aragon MJ, Figueroa MJ, Velarde P, Royo JL, Real LM, Ruiz A. CAPN10 alleles are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 87:3971-3976, 2002

116. Wiltgen D, Furtado L, Kohek MB, Spritzer PM. CAPN10 UCSNP-43, UCSNP-19 and UCSNP-63 polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol, 23(3):173-178, 2007

117. Gonzalez A, Saez ME, Aragon MJ, Galan JJ, Vettori P, Molina L, Rubio C, Real LM, Ruiz A, Ramirez-Lorca R. Specific haplotypes of the CALPAIN-5 gene are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod, 21:943-951, 2006

118. Waterworth DM, Bennett ST, Gharani N, McCarthy MI, Hague S, Batty S, Conway GS, White D, Todd JA, Franks S, Williamson R. Linkage and association of insulin gene VNTR regulatory polymorphism with polycystic ovary syndrome. Lancet, 349:986-990, 1997

119. Michelmore K et al Clinical features in women with polycystic ovaries: relationships to insulin sensitivity, insulin gene VNTR and birth weight. Clin Endocrinol, 55:439-446, 2001

120. Calvo RM et al. Insulin gene variable number of tandem repeats regulatory polymorphism is not associated with hyperandrogenism in Spanish women. Fertil Steril, 77:666-668, 2002

121. Powell BL et al. Analysis of multiple data sets reveals no association between insulin gene variable number of tandem repeat element and polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 90;2988-2993, 2005

122. Lee EJ, Yoo KJ, Kim SJ, Lee SH, Cha KY, Baek KH. Single nucleotide polymorphism in exon 17 of insulin receptor gene is not associated with polycystic ovary syndrome in a Korean population. Fertil Steril, 86:380-384, 2006

123. Siegel S, Futterwit W, Davies TF, Concepcion ES, Greenberg DA, Villanueva R et al A C/T single nucleotide polymorphism at the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor gene is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril, 78:1240-1243, 2002

124. Lee EJ, Bermseok O, Lee JY, Kimm K, Lee SH, Baaek KH. A novel single nucleotide polymorphism of INSR gene for polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril, 2007, In Press

125. Urbanek M, Woodroffe A, Ewens KG, Diamant-Kandarakis E, Legro RS, Strauss 3rd JF, Dunaif A. Candidate gene region for polycystic ovary syndrome on chromosome 19p13.2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 90:6623-6639, 2005

126. Tucci S, Futterweit W, Conception ES, Greenberg DA, Villanueva R, Davies TF, Tomer Y. Evidence for association of polycystic ovary syndrome in Caucasian women with a marker at the insulin receptor locus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 86:446-449, 2001

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